Inside seawater there are many features.
Salinity: amount of dissolved salt in seawater. This is expressed in PPT (parts per thousand) or PSU (practical salinity units). The average salinity in the ocean 33 PSU. A rapid change in salinity is called a halocline.
Temperature: As one goes down latitude in the ocean the temperature decreases. Gasses dissolve better in cold water. A rapid change in temperature is called a thermocline.
Density: amount of material or mass per unit volume. Temperature and salinity determines the density of seawater. An increase in salinity causes the density to go up and vice versa. A rapid change in density is called a pycnocline.
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