Magnetic Field

Where is it generated?

The Earth's magnetic field is generated by the liquid outer core. The outer core is made of molten iron and nickel.

What does it protect us from?

The Magnetic field protects us from space radiation.

How does it work?

It's generated in the outer core and then it goes out from the South Pole, around the earth, in through the North Pole and then out from the south again.

Evidence that it is possibly reversing:

Magnetism in ancient pottery and ancient lava flows is measured and it shows that there are multiple times in history that the field has changed. Right now, if you were to look at the core in red and blue (each colour showing a pole), you would see that there is some blue in the red and vice versa. Plus, they have measured the mgnetic field and found that in the last 300 years, it has decreased significantly.

What would happen to us if the Magnetic Field reversed?

There would not be any mass extinctions, there would just be more deaths from cancer.

Fun Fact:

The Northern Lights (or the aurora) is created when solar wind is pulled to the poles by the magnetic field.